Europe's target of achieving net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050 cannot be met without very significant CCS deployment. There are no alternatives to the use of CCS to prevent the emission of CO2 from hard-to-abate industrial sectors where the gas may be released as part of a chemical process. Net-zero roadmaps for the cement, lime, steel, chemicals and waste-to-energy sectors, amongst others, all make reference to the need for CCS. In addition, we will need to capture CO2 released from fossil fuel power plants required to supplement renewable sources of electricity, and we will need to store much of the CO2 that must be removed from the atmosphere.